Course Schedule

Reciprocating & Screw Compressors Operation and Maintenance.

Compressors are essential components in almost all industries in that they are required to meet system demands and operate reliably. Failure to meet these requirements can have significant production (and hence cost) impacts.

By attending this course you will gain an understanding of the characteristics of various types of Reciprocating compressors and their components. The course will provide engineers and technicians with information for the optimal selection, operation and maintenance of positive displacement compressor, reciprocating compressors

In this course we will define the functions of each major component of a reciprocating compressor. That is, what the purpose of each component is or "What It Does". By understanding what each component is supposed to do, you will be in a better position to know if it is performing its duty correctly. We will present each major component starting with the crankcase, state its function, operating limits and what to look for. After presenting each component's general information, we will present specific information concerning site compressors

Also A rotary screw compressor is a type of gas compressor which uses a rotary type positive displacement mechanism. They are commonly used to replace piston compressors where large volumes of high pressure air are needed, either for large industrial applications or to operate high-power air tools such as jackhammers.

After completed that course you will be familiar and understand each of the following and its function

· Frame and running gear

· Cylinder distance piece

· Piston rod packing

· Cylinder and liner

· Reciprocating compressor cylinder valves

· Piston assembly

· Pulsation dampeners

· Cylinder and packing lubricators

· Cooling system

· Be able to operate screw compressors as close as possible to the design efficiency.

· Will be able to monitor screw compressor efficiency, availability and reliability.

· Have learnt about selection, operation and maintenance strategies.

· Be able to troubleshoot pump and compressor problems.

· Be able to specify, operate and maintain fluid movers and drivers

Compressor

1. Introduction

1.1. What is a Compressor?

1.2. How Compressors work?

1.3. Compressor Classification and Type Selection

Different Types of Compressors

2. Different Types of Compressors

2.1. Dynamic Compressor Training

2.1.1. Ejector

2.1.2. Radial / Centrifugal

2.1.3. Axial

2.2. Positive Displacement Compressor

2.2.1. Rotary Compressor

2.2.1.1. Sliding Vane

2.2.1.2. Liquid Ring

2.2.1.3. Screw

2.2.1.4. Lobe (Roots)

2.2.2. Reciprocating Compressor

2.2.2.1. Trunk type

2.2.2.2. Crosshead Type

Reciprocating compressor

3.1 theory of operation

3.2. Operation Principle and Maintenance concepts of Process Gas Compressors

3.2.1. Double Acting, Single and Multi Stage Reciprocating Compressor

3.2.1.1. Principle of Operation

3.2.1.2. Lubrication

3.2.1.2.1. Crankcase Main Bearing / Con-rod Big End Bearing

3.2.1.2.2. Cylinder and Packing Lubrication

3.2.1.3. Crankcase / Crank Shaft / Connecting Rod / Crosshead

3.2.1.4. Valves

3.2.1.5. Compressor Piston, Piston Elements, Piston Rod Reversal,
Piston Runout and Piston End Clearances

3.2.1.6. Stuffing Box and Rod Packing elements

3.2.1.7. Compressor Cylinder Cooling System / Inter Cooling / After
Cooling

3.2.1.8. Control System

3.2.1.8.1. Compressor Capacity Controls

3.2.1.8.2. Intake Unloader Valve

3.2.1.8.3. Clearance Pocket Unloading

4. Troubleshooting & Maintenance

4.1 Principles of troubleshooting

4.1.1 Principles

4.1.2 Failure modes

4.1.3 Reasons of Failure

4.1.3.1 Mechanical seals

4.1.3.2 Bearings

4.1.3.3 Shaft deflection

4.2 LOSSES IN RECIPROCATING COMPRESSORS:

· Clearance Losses:

· Compressor Load Rating:

· Capacity Control of a Compressor:

· Sealing of Reciprocating Compressor:

· Wiper Ring or Oil Scrapper Ring or Diaphragm Packing:

· Maintenance Activity of Reciprocating Compressor:

· Material of various components

5 Maintenance of reciprocating Compressors.

· Maintenance strategies

· Measuring methods

· Monitoring and Data collection

o Condition monitoring

o Vibration.

o Thermography

5.4 Maintenance Activity of Reciprocating Compressor

· Crank Shaft Deflection:

· Effect of wearing of moving parts

· Maintenance of piston rod packings

· Valves maintenance

· Major Overhauling of compressors

· Lubrication System of Compressor Cylinders and Packings

Basics of Operation, Application screw compressor

· Construction

· Oil Injection

Fundamentals of operation

o Suction process

o Compression

o Discharge Process

o Volume Ratio

o Capacity Control

o Variable Speed

Oil Systems: Separation and Cooling

· Water Cooled Oil Cooling

· Thermosyphon Oil Cooling

· Liquid Injection Oil Cooling

Economizers and Sideloads

Installation Requirements

Compressor System and Control

Compressor Systems

· The Lube Oil System

· Bearing

· The Cylinder Lubrication System

· The Cooling Water System

· The Process Gas System

· Sealing system

· The System Components, P&I Diagrams

Screw Compressor

An Introduction to Bare Shaft Screw Compressors

· Explanation of the different types of screw Compressors, oil-injected vs oil-free

· Principles of screw compression

· Screw compressor components

· Screw compressor Bearing

· Screw compressor Sealing system

· Oil Cooling & Oil Cooler

o Water Cooled Oil Cooling

o Liquid Injection Oil Cooling

o Liquid Injection Oil Cooling

o Thermosyphon Oil Cooling

o Dual Oil Coolers and Dual Oil Filters

· Typical applications – Markets

o XRV vs WRV

· Capacity Control

o Capacity Control Slide Valve

o Vi “volume index”, explained

· API 619 screw compressor standard

· Materials of construction

· How to evaluate a compressor during operation

Screw Compressor Process Packages

· Design Criteria

· Commissioning

· Instrumentation

· Condition Monitoring

Maintenance and Operation Requirements

Compressor Systems

· Lubrication System

· Oil Reservoir & Oil Separation System.

· Oil Separator:

· Oil Pump:

· Hydraulic System.

· Oil Cooling & Filtering System

· Process Gases

· System components, P&I diagrams

Compressor Operation

· Safety precautions

· Initial start-up

· During operation

· Compressor behaviour at changing

Process Conditions

· Operating limits

· Functional Diagram